Tipos de Serviços Farmacêuticos Clínicos: O que dizem as Revisões Sistemáticas?
Resumo
Muito vem sendo publicado nos últimos anos em termos de desenhos de novos serviços farmacêuticos clínicos. Predomina hoje incerteza sobre que serviços farmacêuticos apresentam melhores resultados ou são promissores em termos de implementação e adoção pelos profissionais. Além disso, a diversidade de denominações dificulta a padronização de práticas entre farmacêuticos e organizações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os serviços farmacêuticos clínicos avaliados em revisões sistemáticas publicadas e identificar de forma qualitativa os seus componentes principais. Foi realizada uma busca sistemática de revisões sistemáticas, seguindo as recomendações da colaboração Cochrane, na base de dados Medline via Pubmed no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2010. Foram encontrados 343 artigos potencialmente relevantes, dos quais 49 foram incluídos após o processo de seleção. Foram identificadas oito categorias de serviços clínicos, agrupadas segundo o seu objetivo principal: aconselhamento do doente, controlo de fatores de risco, adesão ao tratamento, revisão da farmacoterapia, acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico, elaboração ou aprimoramento da história farmacoterapêutica, informações ao médico e equipa de saúde e prescrição de novos tratamentos. De um modo geral, estes serviços têm como foco a melhoria da qualidade do uso dos medicamentos e dos resultados terapêuticos sob o ponto de vista clínico, humanístico e económico.
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