Estado da arte na terapêutica anticoagulante: Novas abordagens
Resumo
A terapêutica anticoagulante foi, durante muito tempo, limitada ao uso de heparinas e varfarinas. Recentemente foram introduzidas no mercado novas alternativas a esta terapêutica antitrombótica. A disponibilidade para uso oral quer de agentes inibidores do FXa quer da trombina tem proporcionado resultados clínicos revelantes em ensaios para a profilaxia da trombose venosa pós-operatória. No entanto, estes fármacos não apresentam a polifarmacologia única das heparinas. Neste contexto, a investigação de pequenas moléculas sulfatadas que mimetizem as funções dos glicosaminoglicanos, sem os inconvenientes característicos das grandes cadeias de heparinas, tem surgido como uma área de investigação alternativa. Neste trabalho, são expostas as principais abordagens na terapêutica para o tratamento da trombose venosa e é dado um enfoque especial ao estudo desenvolvido no nosso grupo de investigação na procura de pequenas moléculas com atividade dual anticoagulante e antiagregante plaquetária.
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